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Unit 1 Do you collect anything? Sorry, it’s a bit of a mess. 对不起，这儿有点乱。 短语中a bit of意为“有点”，相当于a little，用来修饰不可数名词；a mess意为“一团糟;混乱”，a bit of a mess意为“有点乱”。 Our room was a bit of a mess. 我们的房间有点脏乱。 Today she only had a bit of bread. 今天她只吃了点面包。 (l) a bit表示“稍微、一点儿”，可以修饰动词以及形容词、副词的原级或比较级。 After a day’s work, I’m a bit tired. 工作一天之后,我有点儿累。 Can you speak a bit more slowly? 你能说得稍微慢一点吗？ (2) a little bit意为“有点儿;一点儿”，常用于口语中，与a little和a bit意思相近，用来修饰形容词。 He feels a little bit tired. 他感觉有点累。 They must be really valuable. 它们肯定很值钱。 must be肯定是 must是情态动词,其后跟动词原形,在句中表示肯定的推测。 —Whose book is this? 这是谁的书？ —It must be Jenny’s. Her name is on the cover. 它肯定是詹妮的，封面上有她的名字。 (1) 情态动词 can, may等在句中也可表示可能性。 —How will you go to the party? 你要怎么去参加聚会？ —I am not sure. I may drive a car. 我也不确定。我可能会开车。 (2)can’t表示否定的推测。 That can’t be Tom. He has gone to America. 那不可能是汤姆。他去美国了。 invaluable值钱的;有价值的 valuable是形容词，意为“值钱的；有价值的”，在句中可作表语，也可作定语。 He has a valuable collection of stamps. 他收藏有价值的邮票。 Is the watch valuable? 这块表很值钱吗？ value是名词,意为“价值;有用性”，是不可数名词，常用于“...of value to sb. ”结构中，表示“对某人有价值”。 This book will be of great value to him in his study. 这本书将对他的研究有很大价值。 根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 它们的价值并不重要。 2. 这幅画非常名贵。 My hobby doesn’t cost as much as yours. 我的爱好不像你们的花费那么多钱…… (1) as...as...是同级比较的句型，中间用形容词或副词的原级。 Not all the events are as terrible as this. 并不是所有的事情都像这件事一样可怕。 (2) cost在本句中是不及物动词，意为“花费”。 Nowadays petrol costs too much. 如今的汽油太贵了。 cost也可作及物动词，常用于句型Sth. cost + some money./ Sth. cost sb. +some money.中。 This house cost me five thousand dollars. 这座房子花了我5000美元。 It will cost you 800 yuan to fly to Shanghai. 乘飞机去上海将花费你800元。 People usually collect things just to remember something important in their lives. 人们通常收集东西只是为了记住他们一生中某些重要的事情。 短语中something是不定代词，形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词后面。something通常用在肯定句中，在否定句和疑问句中要改为anything。 There is something valuable in the room. 在这个房间里有一些有价值的东西。 Is there anything interesting in this newspaper? Unit 2 Hobbies can make you grow as a person. 【热身训练】 1. 例如，比如 2. 发展你的兴趣 3. 并且，还 4. 出版 5. 结果 Many students have hobbies, such as reading, painting, growing vegetables and looking after animals. 许多学生有业余爱好，如阅读、画画、种植蔬菜和照看动物。 such as为固定短语，意为“例如”，用来列举事物时，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与前面的名 词之间，as后面不可有逗号，与like的用法相似。 English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia and Canada. 许多国家都讲英语，例如澳大利亚和加拿大。 for example强调“举例”说明，而且一般只列举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。 There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution. 有许多种污染方式，例如，噪音就是一种污染。 Hobbies can make you grow as a person, develop your interests and help you learn new skills. 业余爱好可以促使你成长，培养你的兴趣，并帮助你学习新的技能。 interest是名词，意为“兴趣;爱好”，是可数名词，其复数形式为interests。 His two great interests in life are music and painting. 音乐和绘画是他生活中的两大爱好。 (1) interest也可作动词，意为“使……感兴趣”。 Things of that do not interest me. 我对那种事物不感兴趣。 (2)interesting是形容词，意为“有趣的；引人入胜的”，常用来修饰事物，既可作表语，也可作定语。 There is an interesting program on television tonight. 今天晚上电视上有一个有趣的电视节目。 (3) interested是形容词，意为“感兴趣的”，常用“人”作主语，常用短语:be interested in ...... “对......感兴趣”。 He is very interested in popular songs. 他对流行歌曲很感兴趣。 As well as the usual activities, such as sailing and climbing, there was a writing class. 除了像帆船运动和爬山等常见的活动以外，还有一门写作课程。 as well as是并列连词，意为“也；还；而且”，用来连接并列成分。当连接并列主语时，强调前一项，后一项是顺便提及，谓语动词与前一个主语保持一致。 He as well as his friends likes playing football. 他还有他的朋友们都喜欢踢足球。 He speaks Japanese as well as English and French. 他不但会说英语和法语，而且还会说日语。 (1) as well as结构还可表示同级比较，引起一个比较状语从句。 She cooks as well as her mother (does). 她做饭和她妈妈一样好。 (2) as well意为“也”，用在句末，相当于too。 Tony does his work alone, and Mary does it as well. 托尼独自完成工作，玛丽也是。 Many young people love his book, and as a result, David has become a successful young writer. 许多年轻人喜欢他的书，因此，大卫就成了一名成功的年轻作家。 as a result是固定短语，意为“结果;因此”，引导一个表示结果的 从句。 It snowed heavily, and as a result, he came late. 雪下得很大，结果，他来晚了。 as a result of是介词短语，后面跟名词、代词、动词-ing 形式，相当于because of，后接原因。 As a result of the flood，many people became homeless. 由于这场洪水，许多人变得无家可归了。 【即学即练】 根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 他努力学习，最终赢得一等奖。 2. 由于他努力工作，他轻松地通过了考试。 I spend some of my free time playing volleyball for my school team. 我花一些业余时间在校队打排球。 spend意为“花费”，常指“花时间或金钱”，其后用动词-ing形式，动词之前常省略介词in。 They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年的时间。 (1) “spend time /money on ......” 在.....上花费时间/金钱。 I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时的时间。 (2)“It takes/ took sb. +some time + to do sth.” 花费某人一段时间做某事。 It took me ten days to finish this task. 完成这项任务花了我十天的时间。 (3)“Sb. pay(s)+ some money + for sth.” 某人为某物付了多少钱。 She paid 100 dollars for the shoes. 她买这双鞋花100美元。 (4)“Sth. cost (sb. ) + some money” 某物花了某人多少钱/某物值多少钱。 The football costs me 50 dollars. 这个足球花了我50美元。 【即学即练】 单项选择 1. —What a beautiful sweater! How much did you for it? —198 yuan. A. pay B. cost C. spend D. take 2. The blouse me 200 yuan. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took 3. We spent an hour vegetables yesterday afternoon. A. grow B. grows C. to grow D. growing 4. It took me three years the beautiful horses. A. to draw B. draw C. drawing D. on drawing Unit 3 Language in use A British boy has become one of the youngest people to sail alone across the Atlantic Ocean. —个英国男孩成了独自横渡大西洋的最年轻的人之一。 “one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”意为“最......之一”。作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 Hens are one of the most useful animals in the world. 母鸡是世界上最有用的动物之一。 One of the most important questions is how to learn English well. 最重要的问题之一是怎样学好英语。 【注意】此结构应注意:一是定冠词the不能漏; 二必须是最高级;三是名词必须是复数形式。 【即学即练】 翻译句子 1. 北京是世界上最大的城市之一。 2. 苹果是这个包里最美味的水果之一。 I ran out of chocolate! 我吃完了巧克力！ run out of意为“用完;用尽”，其主语是“人”，宾语是用完的“某物”。 We ran out of our exercise books. 我们用完了我们的练习本。 run out 与 run out of 的区别 词条 含义 主语 例句 run out 用完;花光 物作 主语 All the food ran out. What should we do? 所有食物都吃光了，我们该怎么办？ run out of 人作 主语 They ran out of gas halfway. 他们半路上用光了汽油。 【即学即练】 根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。 1. Food supplies (已经吃完了）by the end of their last trip. 2. What if you were to (花完）money? What would you do? 3. They are (消耗尽）oil and the plane has to land on the field. 基本句型 英语是一种结构型的语言，动词在句型构成中起着重要的作用。 一、主语+系动词+表语（A is B.) Harvard is an excellent university. 哈佛是一所优秀的大学。 二、主语+及物动词+兵语（A does B.) My father often buys new books. 我父亲经常买新书。 三、主语+不及物动词（A leaves. Chinese students come to the United States to study. 中国学生赴美求学。 四、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物）(A gives B sth.) Tony shows us his wonderful photos. 托尼向我们展示了他完美的照片。 五、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）（A tells B to do sth.) My mother wanted me to stay at home. 我母亲想让我待在家里。 六、There + 系动词+主语（There be...) There are many students in the classroom. 课室里有很多学生。 【即学即练】 一、写出以下句子属于哪种基本句型 He left without saying a word. My mother gives me a book as a present. Tony caught a cold yesterday afternoon. He looks younger than before. Students often help the old buy vegetables on Sunday. There will be a sports meeting tomorrow in our school. 二、翻译句子 李明学习很努力。 我们住在这个城市已有10年了。 这是本英汉辞典。 他总能让我们大笑。 对于这个问题  我有话说(责任编辑：admin) |