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Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? 要点提示 1.语言功能:谈论你一直做某件事情多久了。 2.重点词汇:inline , skating , marathon , skate , stamp , shell , collect , snow globe , since , for ,be interested in , run out of , by the way , a pair of , go native , three and a half years , do one’s best , go together. 3.重点句型:How long have you been skating? I’ve been skating since nine o’clock. When did you start skating? I started skating at nine o’ clock. Students are skating at the Hilltop School.4.语言结构：(1)现在完成进行时：①构成：have/has been+现在分词。②意义：表示现在以前这段时间一直在进行的一个动作。这个动作可能仍然在进行，也可能停止了一会儿。如下图所示： 它的时间状语常用for或since引起，表示这个动作进行多久了。 对for或since引起的时间状语用howlong提问。 (2)一般过去时：表示过去发生的事，常和表示过去的时间状语连 用。因此，只要有表示过去的时间，就不能用现在完成进行时。 现在进行时，只表示这个动作现在正在进行或现阶段正在进行。 例：He is skating now.现在他正在滑冰。 He has been skating for an hour.他一直滑了一个小时了。 基础卷(20分钟) 一、用since或for填空 1. The child has been crying __________ her mother left. 答案:since 2. We have been playing tennis__________five years. 答案:for 3. The girl skated ____________ two hours. 答案:for 4. It has been raining ____________ a whole day. 答案:for 5. We have known each other__________ we were children. 答案:since 表示一段延续的时间常用since或for，since后接一个时间的“点”，而for后接时间的“段”。例如本大题1题：从这孩子妈妈“离开”起，这孩子一直在哭。孩子的妈妈离开的时间在时间轴上是一个点，从这一点起到现在，一直在哭，用since…”表示。 2题：我们打网球有五年了。 五年是这一段时间的总数，所以用“for…”来表示。 二、在Ⅱ栏中找出与Ⅰ栏相对应的句子 Ⅰ Ⅱ ( ) 1. Why do you collect stamps? A. Great. ( ) 2. How long have you been studying English? B. Because I like stamps and I can learn a lot from the stamps. 3. Our class is going to organize a talent C.Because I have run out of my money. show to raise money for charity. 4. How does the food taste? D. About two years. 5. Why don’t you buy one? E. Delicious. 答案:BDAEC 三、按汉语提示完成句子 1. I want to ____(理发). 答案:have my hair cut 解题点拨：have sth.done表示“让别人做某事”。理发表示为“让别人来剪我的头发”，即“have my hair cut”，这里的cut是过去分词。又如 I went to have a photo taken。 2. We have been skating ________(二个半小时). 答案:for two and a half hours 解题点拨：二个半小时表示为“two and a half hours”，又如：二年半表示为“two and a half years”，也可写作：“two years and and a half”。 3. This is the first present ________(我得到的). 答案:I(ever)got 解题点拨：This is the first present(that) I got为“这就是我得到的第一件礼物”。that是个关系代词，引导一个定语从句，修饰名词present。that相当于present，作I got的宾语，that作宾语时，常可以省去。 4 _______(多久)did you sleep last night? 答案:How long 解题点拨：对一段连续的时间提问用how long。 5. He came here _________(募集资金)for charity an hour ago. 答案:to raise money 解题点拨：raise money意思是“募集资金”，在用come todo sth.结构时请不要忘掉了to。 四、单项选择 ( ) 1. ——________have you been skating? ——For about an hour. A. When B. Where C. How long 答案:C 解题点拨：对一段时间提问用how long. ( ) 2.——________ did you start to play tennis? ——When I was eleven. A. When B. Where C. How long 答案:A 解题点拨：你什么时候开始打网球的?疑问词用when。 ( ) 3.——__________do you like collecting shells? ——Because they are beautiful. A. What B. Who C. Why 答案:C 解题点拨：回答是because引起的句子，问句用疑问词why意为“为什么……”。 ( ) 4. I have a big snow globe __________ polar bears in it. A. in B. on C. with 答案:C 解题点拨：wtth在这里是表示“具有……特征”。 ( ) 5. Edison was ________ in science when he was a child. A. interest B. interested C. interesting 答案:B 解题点拨：be interestcd in表示“对……感兴趣”。 提高卷(20分钟) 一、根据句意和首字母完成单词 1. He isn’t at school today , p ________ he is ill. 答案：probably/perhaps 2. Pandas like eating b________ 答案：bamboos 3. Our town has greatly changed r________ 答案：recently 4. Can you d _________ what he looks like? 答案：describe 5. Please t________ the soup and see if it has enough salt. 答案：taste 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The football match ________(go) for fifteen minutes. 答案：has been going 解题点拨：足球赛进行了15分钟，表示动作在现在以前的一段时间里一直在进行，共计15分钟。用现在完成进行时。 2. My hobby is __________(collect) all kinds of stones(石头). 答案：collecting/to collect 解题点拨：本题is后面接表语，可用动名词短语，也可用不定式短语来表示。 3. How long has your mother ____________(teach) math at this school? 答案：been teaching/taught 解题点拨：参看本大题第1题的点拔。另外，这里也可以用现在完成时，即have/has+现在分词的结构来表示。 4. If Alice __________ (come) back ,please give it to her. 答案：comes 解题点拨：if 引起了一个条件状语从句，在从句中，要用一般现在时来表示将来的动作，要填comes。 5. Would you like to visit the Summer Palace if the rain ______(stop) tomorrow? 答案：stops 解题点拨：参看本大题第4题的点拨。 三、将下列句子按逻辑意义重新排列 A. When did you start to do that? B. It’s difficult to say. When I was young ,my parents bought some for me as presents.Some of them are lost. But some are still kept by me. C. I’d like to collect toy animals , like toy bears , dogs , sharks and so on. D. Nothing. What about you? E. What would you like to collect? 1.___________2.___________ 3.___________4.___________5.___________ 答案：EDCAB 四、组词成句 1. I , I , was , have been , since , skating , ten years old. 答案：I have been skating since I was ten years old. 2. how , has , he , long been , swimming? 答案：How long has he been swimming? 3. extra , needs , son , my , English , lessons. 答案：My son needs extra English lessons. 4. you , are , in , in , writing , interested , English? 答案：Are you interested in writing in English? 5. friends , food , order , eat , share , to , to , not separately. 答案：Friends order food to share, not to eat separately. 综合训练卷(70分钟，满分100 分) 一、单项选择(每小题2分 ，共30分) ( )1. This kind of illness is ____________ these days. A. many B. much C. most D. common 答案：D 解题点拨：根据句意选D。 ( )2. I’ve____________here all afternoon. A. sat B. sit C. sitting D. been sitting 答案：D ( )3. He has been____________for his credit card for an hour. A. looks B. looked. C. looking D. to look 答案：C 解题点拨：2—3.用现在完成进行时表示直到现在一直干某事。 ( ) 4. Mike learns a lot about internet , and____________. A. I don’t ,either B. so do I C. so am I D. I am ,too 答案：B 解题点拨：so+助动词/情态动词/be/have+主语，表示主语与前一句的行为一样。本句意为“Mike学到了许多关于网络的知识，我也是”。前一句的动词用learns(行为动词的一般现在时)，所以so后用助动词do表示替代。如果主语换成she，则要写成so does she。 ( ) 5. Do you know if ___________back next week? If he___________ back ,please let me know. A. he comes , will come B. will he come , comes C. he will come , comes D. will he come , will come 答案：C 解题点拨：本题第一句是if引导的一个宾语从句。因为主句是一般现在时，宾语从句可以用需要的任何时态，因时间状语是next week，所以要用一般将来时。宾语从句的语序是关联词+主语+谓语…，因此只有C足正确的。第二句if引导的是条件状语从句“如果……”，在这种从句中，只能用一般现在时来表示将来的动作。C也是正确的。所以答案选C。 ( ) 6. Every day I spend two hours my homework. A. finishing to do B. finishing doing C. to finish to do D. to finish doing 答案：B 解题点拨：spend常用spend+时间/金钱on sth.表示“在某方面花费多少时间/金钱”或用spend+时间/全钱+(in)doing sth.表示“做某事花费多少时间/金钱”。 ( ) 7. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ________ Christmas Day. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 答案：A 解题点拨：一般情况下，主句是一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去的时态。但当宾语从句表示的是客观真理时，则从句仍用一般现在时。 ( ) 8. My mom says___________I have to stop , because we have run out of room to store them. A. that B. where C. if D. what 答案：A 解题点拨：根据句意;本句的关联词选that。 ( ) 9. He has been watching English movies about two months. A. since B. for C. in D. during 答案：B 解题点拨：“大约两个月”是表示一段时间的总数，用介词for，参见本单元基础卷第一题的解题点拨。 ( ) 10. My aunt arrived here _____________ a warm spring morning. A. in B. at C. on D. by 答案：C 解题点拨：表示“在具体某一天的早上”要用介词on。 ( ) 11. Hurry up ,___________ you’ ll be late for class. A. but B. or C. and D.if 答案：B 解题点拨：用“or”，表示“否则”。 ( ) 12. It’ s time for supper now. Let’s________it. A. stop having B. stop to have C. to stop to have D. stopping to have 答案：B 解题点拨：stopt to do sth.表示“停下来去做另一件事”，stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事”，let sb.do sth，表示“让某人做某事”。 ( ) 13. There are many tall green trees on ________ side of the street. A. either B. both C. all D. every 答案：A 解题点拨：both，all后接复数名词(“hoth…and…”后可以接单数名词);either，every后均可接单数名词，但either指“两者中任一个”;every指“每一个”，表示三者以上。 ( ) 14——Must I go with them tomorrow? ——No , you___________ A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. can’t 答案：C 解题点拨：mustn’t表示“决不允许”;shouldn’t表示“不应该”;needn’t表示“不必”;can’t表示“不能、不会、不许”。根据句意选C。 ( ) 15. I’ll do my__________ to help him finish the work. A. good B. well C. best D. better 答案：C 解题点拨：do one’s best表示“尽力”。 (责任编辑：admin) |