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4.现在进行时的用法 1) 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，由“to be + 现在分词” 构成。另外， “系动词 + 介词或副词” 也表示进行时的意义。What are you doing? The bridge is under construction. 2) 表示感觉、愿望和状态的某些动词(如have, be , here, se, like 等 ) 一般不用进行。 5.过去进行时的用法 1) 过去进行时过去某一时刻、某一阶段正进行的动作，由 “ was (were) + 现在分词”构成。 In 1980 he was studying in a university. He was reading a novel when I came in. 6.现在完成时的用法现在完成时由 “have + 过去分词其使用有两种情况： 1) 现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，但对现在有影响。句中没有具体时间状语。 He has gone to Fuzhou. He has been to Fuzhou. 2) 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去常用 for 和since表示一段时间的状语或so far , now, today, this wek (month, year ) 等表示包括现在内的状语。 He has studied English for 5 years. He has studied English since 1985. Now I have finished the work.. 注意：表示短暂时间动作的词(如come, go , die, marry, buy 等)的完成时不能与for, since 等 表示一般时间的词连用。 3)现在完成进行时还可用时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。 I’ll go o your home when I have finished my homework. If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we’ll go to the park. 7.过去完成时的用法 1) 过去完成时由“had + 过去分词”构成。过去完成时的动作表示过去某一时刻或某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用by, before, until, when 等词引导的时间状语。 By the end of last year we had built five new houses. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. 2)过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去。Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours. 8.过去将来时的用法 过去将来时表示从过去的某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时由 “should 或 would + 动词原形” 构成。第一人称用should, 其他人称用would. They were sure that they would succeed. 9.现在完成进行时的用法现在完成进行时由 “ have (has)+ been + 现在分词”构成，表示现在以前一直进行的动作。有些动词(work, study, live, teach 等) 用现在完成时与用现在完成时意思差不多。 I have worked here for three years. I have been working here for three years. 但多数动词在这两种时态表示不同意思 I have been writing a letter. 注意：表示短暂动作的动词(finish, marry, get up, come, go 等)不能用这种时态。 (责任编辑：admin) |