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6、有些表示数量的百分数,分数等后面加名词或代词作主语时,要根据这个名词或代词来决定其谓语动词的单复数形式.如:a lot of, most of, any of, half of , three fifths of, eighty percent of, some of, none of, the rest of , all of等后接不可数名词,或是单数形式的名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果后接可数名词的复数形式作主语时应看作复数,谓语动词用复数. 例如: A lot of money in the shop was stolen yesterday. 昨天那家商店丢失了许多钱. A lot of students are from England in the school.那个学校里很多学生来自英国。 二、意义一致 这一原则是指,从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题.有时主语形式上为单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语依意义也用复数形式;而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式. 1) 当主语后面接由but, except, besides ,as well as, as much as, including,more than,no less than, rather than, together with等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定。在这样的句子里,这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单,复数形式,它们在句子里其实是状语. 例如: The teacher, with all his students, is going to have a picnic this weekend.老师打算这个周末与学生们一起去野炊. The students, together with their teacher , are going to have a picnic this weekend.学生们打算这个周末与他们的老师一起去野炊. 我们完全可以将上面句子中的那些词组都分别搬到句首或是放到句末去,因为它们在句子里是状语: The students are going to have a picnic this weekend together with their teacher. 2) 表示时间,金钱,距离,体积,重量,面积,数字等词语作主语时,，谓语动词常用单数形式。如： Eight hours of sleep is enough. 八小时的睡眠足够了。 Twenty years stands for a long period in one's life. 二十年在人的一生里意味着一个很长的时期. 3) 形容词前加定冠词即"the + 形容词"作主语时,其意义若是指个人或是抽象概念应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;指一类人则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数. 例如: The sick here are very well cared for. 这里的病人都被照顾得很好。 The true is to be distinguished from the false. 真实与虚假应加以区别。 4)由and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。 但如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 如：The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人) 5)集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于主语的意义:主语表示整体时视为单数,谓语动词用单数;主语表示集体中的个体成员时视为复数,谓语动词用复数.这类集体名词常见的有:army, class, club, crowd, family, government, group, people, police, public, team等. (责任编辑：admin) |