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初二英语语法复习资料-代词语法讲解 (一)代词概述 代词用来代替名词，在句中充当主语、宾语和表语，有时还可以充当定语。代词在考试命题中主要是代词格的变化、代词单复数形式以及不定代词和it的用法等。 (二)基本知识梳理 1.人称代词：主格作主语，宾格用作及物动词和介词的宾语。 He often helps me. Who is atthe door?It's me. The bicyclebelongs to Tom and me. 出现并列主语或宾语时，其排列顺序为：单数时是第二、第三、第一人称(简称231)即you，heandI或you，herandme;复数时是第一、第二、第三人称(简称123)即we，youandthey或us，youandthem。 2.物主代词：形容词性物主代词作定语，后加名词;而名词性物主代词等于形容词性物主代词加名词。如：This is my book.=This book is mine. 名词性物主代词可做主语、宾语和表语。如： Your pen is blue.Mine is blue,too. May I use your pen?I've lost mine. She is a class mate of his. The bike is hers. 3.反身代词：用作宾语和起强调作用。 1)作宾语 Help yourself to some cakes. I can look at my selfin the mirror. They should think more of the publichealth than them selves. 2)作强调 We do homework by ourselves. I myself go to the air port to meet my uncle. 4.指示代词 1)this，that，these，those What'sthis(that)?It'sabook. Whatarethese(those)?Theyarebooks. this和these比较靠近，that和those稍远一点。 2)it的用法 (1)指物：It's a robot. (2)指自然现象：It's raining now,but it will be fine soon. (3)指时间：What time is it?It's8o'clock. (4)指距离：It's twentyminutes'walk. (5)作形式主语：It's importantforustofightpollution. It took mehalfanhourtofinishthework. It'skindofyoutosayso. (6)作形式宾语：Wethinkitnecessarytorelaxfromtimetotime. 5.不定代词 1)some，any some用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑问句中。如： There are some pens on the desk. There aren't any pens on the desk. Are there any pens on the desk? Some are Chinese.Others are English. 在表示请求、建议、反问等句子中，用some而不是用any。如： Would you like some drink? any也可以表示任何一个。如： Do you know any ofher friends? If you have any questions,you can ask me. (一)冠词概述 冠词是限定词的一种，自己不能单独使用，只能依附于一个名词帮助说明这个名词的含义。因此冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词有三种形式：不定冠词a(an)，定冠词(the)和零冠词(即不使用冠词)。冠词用法每次中考都会出现，主要考查：(1)名词前的定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法;(2)固定搭配中的冠词用法。a，an的用法区别是常考内容。序数词前及形容词最高级前或姓氏前使用定冠词也是近年来中考的常考内容。 (二)基础知识梳理 1.不定冠词a/an的用法 不定冠词用来修饰单数可数名词，指人或物中的某一个或某一类，但不具体说明是何人何物。 如：Afamousastronautwillgiveusatalktheweekafternext.a用在以辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的单词前，如：auniversitystudent，aEuropeancountry;an用在以元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的单词前，如：anhonestgirl，anundergroundtrain. (责任编辑：admin) |