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知识点总结 语态表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态，如：We speak Chinese in China.在中国我们说汉语;如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态,如：Chinese is spoken by us in China.在中国汉语被我们说。 一、主动语态改成被动语态方法 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤： 1. 将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语; 2. 谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态; 3主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时by的短语可以省略); 例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 二、被动语态的用法： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. 3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Many more trees will be planted next year. 5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. 6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. → There are twenty more trees to be planted. 三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. (责任编辑：admin) |