|
3) 短语动词的被动： a.(不及物)动词+介词：若这类短语动词是及物性的，则可用于被动语态中，如：laugh at, look after, talk about, think of 等。若这类短语动词是不及物性的则不可用于被动语态中，如：book up, look down. 等 b.(及物)动词+副词：bring about, carry out, find out, make out, put away, put off, take up, turn down, turn out, wipe out等 c. 动词+副词 +介词：do away with, face up to, give into ,look down upon, make up with等 d. 动词+名词+介词：catch sight of, keep on eye on, make a fool of , pay attention to , put an end to , set fire/light to , take notice of 等 4) 带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语保留在谓语后面。We always keep the classroom clean. (比较：The classroom is always kept clean.) 5)主动形式表示被动意义的词。常见的有： a.主动形式，这时动名词同句中的主语有动宾关系。 The children need looking after. The windows wants /requires repairing. This point deserves mentioning. b.有些及物动词后须加副词 (如：well, easily等)， 有些可不加，如：act, clean, cut, draw, lock, open, play, read, sell, shut, strike, wash, write 等。 The cloth washes/ sells well. The door won’t shut. The play won’t act. c. 形容词worth后直接加动名词时，如：The book is worth reading twice. 某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。 The fish is not fit to eat. d. 某些感官动词(如：feel, look, prove, smell , sound, taste, wear等) 与形容词连用时：The water feels very cold. The dish tastes delicious. 6) 以下动词构成的句子不能改为被动句： a. 动词leave, enter, reach 等的宾语是表示处所、地点(国家、团体，组织、军队)等。 b. 表示状态的动词，如：become, benefit, cost, contain, equal, fit, fail, have, lack, last, mean, suit, look like等。 c. 下列不及物动词及短语：appear, belong to , break out, die, happen, lie, occur, rise, take place, agree with, belong to, consist of , have on, keep up with 及一些固定词组，如 keep words, lose heart, make a face等。 (责任编辑：admin) |